I have seen this short some time ago, and I was wondering, if such weapon was ever deployed, what ideologies would be labeled as 'evil'.

Even without knowledge of the film, that question can be answered pretty easily: 'The ones that lost.'

Fair point, my thought after I contemplated a bit was that those who do not obey, regardles of ideology. Which I'd say fall into your box of 'those who lost'

See also Netflix documentary episode "Unknown: Killer Robots".