I don't know the history of it but I noticed that the currency of the Netherlands, before they switched to the euro, consistently used quarters:

Coins: 0.05, 0.10, 0.25, 1, 2.5, 5 Bank notes: 10, 25, 50, 100, 250

OK, there seems to be a gap there, but no coin or bank note is worth 2 * 10^X.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_guilder

Is there another currency that consistently prefers 2.5 * 10^X to 2 * 10^X?